正中神經電刺激是一種周圍神經電刺激治療技術，在昏迷促醒上應用效果非常明顯。正中神經是穿過腕管的神經，支配前臂屈側的大部分肌肉以及手內橈側半的大部分肌肉和手掌橈側皮膚感覺，是中樞神經系統的外周門戶，因此作用在正中神經的電刺激信號可在大腦皮層得到大范圍的投射，也因此右正中神經電刺激儀的診療作用明顯。
右正中(zhong)神(shen)經(jing)電刺(ci)激(ji)儀(yi)起源于(yu)國外(wai)，國內外(wai)有大量正中(zhong)神(shen)經(jing)電刺(ci)激(ji)促醒的研究，正中(zhong)神(shen)經(jing)電刺(ci)激(ji)對(dui)創傷(shang)性腦(nao)損傷(shang)昏迷(mi)的促醒，是(shi)刺(ci)激(ji)信號通過體表(biao)正中(zhong)神(shen)經(jing)→脊(ji)神(shen)經(jing)→頸髓→腦(nao)干→丘腦(nao)→皮質(zhi)(zhi)區的逐(zhu)層激(ji)發與興(xing)奮，后喚(huan)醒受壓制的神(shen)經(jing)元(yuan)及上(shang)行網狀激(ji)活系統(tong)，良好作用(yong)下可縮(suo)短(duan)患者昏迷(mi)時間，減少致殘率，提高(gao)生活質(zhi)(zhi)量。對(dui)于(yu)昏迷(mi)促醒，迄今為止(zhi)方(fang)案多種(zhong)多樣，如用(yong)藥、手術、物理刺(ci)激(ji)、感覺刺(ci)激(ji)、音(yin)樂***和(he)電刺(ci)激(ji)等都適用(yong)，將正中(zhong)神(shen)經(jing)電刺(ci)激(ji)用(yong)于(yu)昏迷(mi)促醒的初(chu)期應用(yong)是(shi)20世紀90年代一位日本(ben)學者，優(you)勢在于(yu)簡單、廉價(jia)、無(wu)創，可加速(su)創傷(shang)性昏迷(mi)患者的康復和(he)改(gai)善預后。
電(dian)(dian)針刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)(ji)正中(zhong)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)是通過(guo)(guo)(guo)對(dui)具有(you)(you)調控心(xin)(xin)率、血壓(ya)功能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)交感神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)調節(jie)而產生(sheng)(sheng)效(xiao)果，所以(yi)(yi)右正中(zhong)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)(ji)儀不僅用(yong)在昏迷促醒，短時間的(de)(de)(de)正中(zhong)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)(ji)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)在大腦(nao)中(zhong)產生(sheng)(sheng)中(zhong)樞介導效(xiao)應(ying)來降(jiang)低(di)(di)血壓(ya)；還(huan)有(you)(you)一種應(ying)用(yong)是用(yong)于心(xin)(xin)律失(shi)常(chang)(chang)，脊神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)(ji)、迷走神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)去交感神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)通過(guo)(guo)(guo)降(jiang)低(di)(di)心(xin)(xin)臟(zang)交感神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)活(huo)性(xing)，對(dui)心(xin)(xin)室電(dian)(dian)生(sheng)(sheng)理(li)產生(sheng)(sheng)有(you)(you)利(li)影響(xiang)，可(ke)(ke)降(jiang)低(di)(di)室性(xing)心(xin)(xin)律失(shi)常(chang)(chang)發生(sheng)(sheng)率。通過(guo)(guo)(guo)正中(zhong)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)(ji)可(ke)(ke)逆轉下丘腦(nao)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)(ji)或(huo)(huo)緩(huan)激(ji)(ji)(ji)肽誘發的(de)(de)(de)心(xin)(xin)肌缺血，降(jiang)低(di)(di)心(xin)(xin)肌缺血再灌注誘發的(de)(de)(de)室性(xing)心(xin)(xin)動(dong)過(guo)(guo)(guo)速的(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)率及(ji)其他心(xin)(xin)律失(shi)常(chang)(chang)發生(sheng)(sheng)率；在疼(teng)痛調節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)大腦(nao)區域中(zhong)，中(zhong)腦(nao)導水管周圍(wei)灰質是啟動(dong)下行疼(teng)痛***的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要部位，正中(zhong)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)電(dian)(dian)刺(ci)(ci)(ci)(ci)激(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)暫時緩(huan)解肘部骨折引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)頑固(gu)性(xing)慢性(xing)疼(teng)痛，所以(yi)(yi)其用(yong)于遠(yuan)離正中(zhong)神(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)經(jing)(jing)(jing)的(de)(de)(de)疼(teng)痛也是有(you)(you)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)。
